The Proper Locative Case: Location and Topic
The Locative case specifies location ('in', 'on', 'at') or the topic of discussion ('about'). It is unique because it is always used with a preposition, such as v (in), na (on), or o (about).
Nouns:
- Singular Masc/Neuter: For all -u. (e.g., v domu - in a house, o mužu - about a man, v selu - in a village, o polju - about a field)
- Singular Feminine: Common endings include -ě or -i. (e.g., na rěkě - on a river, o sestrě - about a sister, na zemji - on land)
- Plural (all genders): Often ends in -ah or -ěh (hard) / -ah or -ih (soft). (e.g., v domah - in houses, o mužah - about men, v selah - in villages, na rěkah - on rivers, o zemlah - about lands)
Adjectives:
- Singular Masc/Neuter: hard -om, soft -em. (e.g., v dobrom domě - in a good house, o svězem mužu - about a fresh man)
- Singular Feminine: hard -oj, soft -ej. (e.g., na dobroj rěkě - on a good river, o svězej zemli - about fresh land)
- Plural (all genders): hard/soft -yh/-ih. (e.g., v dobryh domah - in good houses, o svězih mužah - about fresh men)
Examples: Moja kniga jest na stolu (My book is on the table). Govorimo o našem domu (We are talking about our house). Oni živut v velikom gradu (They live in a big city). Děti igrajut na dvorah (Children are playing in the yards).