Basic Accusative and Locative (Singular Only)
Let's start with a simplified look at two more cases in the singular. The Accusative case often marks the direct object (кого or что receives the action). The Locative case (also called Prepositional) is used for location after prepositions like на (on) or въ (in). For now, let's just see how simple singular nouns change (adjectives also change but let's keep it very basic here).
Accusative (Singular):
- Masculine Inanimate & Neuter: Look like the Nominative. (e.g., Вижджѫ̀ домъ - I see a house, Вижджѫ̀ село́ - I see a village)
- Masculine Animate: Look like the Genitive (-a). (e.g., Вижджѫ̀ отьцꙗ́ - I see a father)
- Feminine: hard -ѫ, soft -ѭ. (e.g., Вижджѫ̀ женѫ́ - I see a woman, Вижджѫ̀ землю́ - I see land)
Locative (Prepositional) with 'на/въ' (Singular):
- Masculine/Neuter: hard -ѣ, soft -и or -и. (e.g., на столѣ́ - on a table, въ селѣ́ - in a village, на поли - in a field)
- Feminine: hard -ѣ, soft -и. (e.g., на рѣцѣ́ - on a river, въ земли́ - in the earth)
Examples: Чи́тамъ книгѫ́ (I am reading a book). Сѣди́мъ на столѣ́ (We are sitting on a table).